DOWN syndrome occurs when an individual has an extra partial or complete copy of chromosome 21. While the exact cause is not yet known, Down syndrome has always been a part of the human condition. It affects people worldwide and can result in a range of effects on learning, physical characteristics, and health.
Nobody wishes to suffer from the impacts of Down syndrome disorder, but some individuals inevitably experience such health conditions. Therefore, access to healthcare, early intervention programmes, inclusive education, and relevant research are crucial for the growth and development of these individuals. Moreover, society should not discriminate against people with Down syndrome or their families for any reason and must be ready to offer support to those affected.
In December 2011, the United Nations General Assembly declared 21 March as World Down Syndrome Day. To raise public awareness of Down syndrome, the Assembly encourages all Member States, relevant United Nations organizations, other international organizations, and civil society—including non-governmental organizations and the private sector – to observe World Down Syndrome Day in a fitting manner.
Due to various factors related to the health conditions of parents, the estimated incidence of Down syndrome is between 1 in 1,000 and 1 in 1,100 live births worldwide. Each year, approximately 3,000 to 5,000 children are born with this chromosomal disorder. It is important to note that individuals with Down syndrome should not feel ashamed or guilty about their condition. These efforts contribute to providing better healthcare and support for people with Down syndrome, according to the United Nations.
Addressing healthcare needs is essential for improving the quality of life for individuals with Down syndrome. It includes regular check-ups with healthcare professionals to monitor their mental and physical condition, as well as providing timely interventions such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, counselling, or special education.
Individuals with Down syndrome can achieve an optimal quality of life through parental care, medical guidance, and community-based support systems, such as inclusive education at all levels. These factors enable their participation in mainstream society and help them fulfil their potential. The theme for World Down Syndrome Day 2025 is ‘Improve Our Support Systems,’ emphasizing the need for tailored support that provides individuals to uplift their lives and health conditions to be able to stand tall in society.
