MYANMAR has identified the prevention and suppression of human trafficking as a national responsibility and has embedded this commitment in its constitutional, legal, and institutional frameworks. In support of international cooperation, Myanmar has acceded to the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and its related protocols, reinforcing its obligation to address trafficking through coordinated national and cross-border efforts.
Following these commitments, Myanmar enacted the Prevention and Suppression of Trafficking in Persons Law in 2005 to provide a legal basis for preventing, investigating, and prosecuting trafficking-related offences. To respond to emerging challenges and align with contemporary international standards, the law was amended and significantly strengthened on 16 June 2022. The revised legislation now serves as a more comprehensive framework, enhancing preventive measures, victim protection, and punitive provisions against traffickers.
Under the amended law, Myanmar has expanded and established a range of specialized committees to ensure effective and coordinated action. In addition, a dedicated body oversees the implementation of Myanmar’s Five-Year National Plan for Combatting Human Trafficking, alongside other relevant committees. Collectively, these mechanisms are actively implementing prevention, protection, and enforcement measures in a comprehensive manner.
Law enforcement agencies have continued to investigate trafficking cases and impose penalties in accordance with the law. From 1 January to 13 December 2025, a total of 139 human trafficking cases were investigated and prosecuted nationwide. During this period, 402 offenders were charged, and 116 received effective sentences. Sentences included 14 life terms, 25 prison terms ranging from 20 to 25 years, 63 sentences of 10 to 15 years, and 14 sentences of less than eight years. To curb illegal departures abroad that may result in human trafficking, action has also been taken against illegal transporters under the Overseas Employment Law. Between 1 January and 13 December 2025, 59 cases were handled, with 128 offenders – 53 males and 75 females – investigated and prosecuted.
Myanmar continues to strengthen cooperation at the regional and international levels. Bilateral memoranda of understanding on combatting human trafficking have been signed and implemented with neighbouring countries, including Thailand, China, Laos, Vietnam, and India. Regionally, Myanmar participates in mechanisms such as the Coordinated Mekong Ministerial Initiative against Trafficking and BIMSTEC. As an ASEAN member state, Myanmar has also ratified and is implementing the ASEAN Convention against Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, while cooperating across ASEAN sectors to carry out agreed declarations, work plans, and the Bohol Work Plans.
